Moving from Compulsory to Optional Gymnastics: Level 5 to Level 6

Moving from compulsory to optional gymnastics, usually the leap from Level 5 to Level 6 (or directly from Level 4 with special scores) marks a major shift in a gymnast’s training and competitive journey.

Below is a step-by-step look at how (and why) that transition happens inside USA Gymnastics’ Women’s Development Program.

Understanding the Different Phases

Compulsory Levels (4–5)

At the compulsory levels, all gymnasts perform the same standardized routines on each event. These routines are designed to teach proper body shapes, strong basics, and consistent form. Judges score primarily on execution, so even small errors—like bent legs or a wobble on beam—can lower a score.

The goal of compulsories is to build strong fundamentals that prepare athletes for the demands of higher-level gymnastics.

Optional Levels (6–10)

In the optional levels, gymnasts finally get to perform individualized routines. Coaches and choreographers design routines that highlight each athlete’s strengths while still meeting required elements for that level.

Scoring in optionals works differently: each routine starts with a base value (determined by difficulty and composition rules), and deductions are taken for mistakes. This means gymnasts are judged both on how hard their routines are and how well they execute them.

Optional gymnastics gives athletes the chance to show more creativity and personality while steadily building toward advanced skills, artistry, and consistency.

The Transition Steps: From Level 5 to Level 6

1. Skill Mastery

Before moving into optionals, gymnasts must demonstrate proficiency in key compulsory skills. These include:

  • Back handsprings on beam – controlled, safe landings.
  • Flyaway dismounts on bars – clean release, height, and safety.
  • Floor tumbling basics – round-off back handsprings, front tucks.
  • Vault fundamentals – front handspring vault with proper technique.

These skills are the building blocks for optional routines. Coaches usually won’t recommend moving to Level 6 until these basics are consistent and safe.

2. Achieving a Mobility Score

Advancement requires earning a mobility score at a sanctioned meet. As of the current rules (2025 cycle):

  • Level 4 → Level 5: 32.00 AA.
  • Level 5 → Level 6: 32.00 AA.
  • Level 4 → Level 6 (skip): Two 36.00 AAs at Level 4.
  • Level 5 → Level 7 (skip): Allowed with higher scores (commonly 34.00+ AA), depending on state or regional policy.

This ensures that only gymnasts who have proven readiness in live competition move on to optionals.

3. Competing in “Score-Out” Meets

Many gyms use “score-out” meets (also called mobility meets) to help gymnasts meet the mobility score without committing to a full Level 5 season.

In these events, gymnasts perform their Level 5 routines one last time for judges. If they achieve the required score, they are cleared to advance into Level 6. This option is often used for gymnasts who are already training optional skills but need the official score to move forward.

4. Direct Entry vs. Skipping Levels

While most gymnasts move step by step from Level 5 to 6, some athletes skip levels under certain conditions:

  • Exceptional scores – High AAs at Level 5 can allow a gymnast to move directly to Level 7.
  • Regional policies – State and regional committees may adjust requirements to account for late starters or unusual progressions.

Still, most coaches prefer the stepwise path. Competing at Level 6 gives gymnasts confidence in optional routines before tackling the increased difficulty of higher levels.

Why Level 5 Matters and When It Might Be Skipped

Level 5 as a Solid Foundation

Many gyms encourage athletes to compete a full season at Level 5. The routines reinforce important basics like free-hip circles on bars and specific beam dismounts. Mastering these skills gives gymnasts a stronger foundation and smoother transition into optionals.

The Score-Out Option

Other gyms allow athletes to score out of Level 5 at a single meet rather than competing a full season. This path is often used when a gymnast’s skills already meet optional standards. While this speeds up advancement, it can mean missing out on the deeper technical development gained from a year at Level 5.

Alternate Pathways Beyond Compulsory Gymnastics

Not every gymnast follows the traditional Level 4–10 DP path. Two other options exist:

The Xcel Program

The Xcel Program offers a more flexible, fun, and creative competition experience.

  • Divisions: Bronze, Silver, Gold, Platinum, Diamond, Sapphire.
  • Style: Optional-style routines from the beginning, choreographed to fit each gymnast.
  • Highlights: Fewer training hours, more freedom in routines, and local/state/regional competitions.
  • Best for: Kids who want competition but also balance with school or other sports. It’s also ideal for late starters.

The HOPES / Elite Track

At the other extreme, the HOPES/Elite pathway is for gymnasts aiming for the highest levels of the sport.

  • HOPES: Pre-elite program for ages 10–13. Many gymnasts also compete as Level 10s in the same season.
  • Elite: Leads to U.S. Championships, Olympic Trials, and international meets.
  • Highlights: Intense training (often 25+ hours per week), high commitment, and long-term Olympic or NCAA goals.

HOPES is a stepping stone to Junior Elite and, eventually, Senior Elite competition.

Coach & Parent Checkpoints

Before beginning the first optional season, families and coaches should make sure the gymnast is ready across the board.

  • Consistency First: Compulsory basics should be polished to ~90% quality before upgrading.
  • Upgrade Planning: Introduce “B” or “C” skills that match the gymnast’s natural strengths.
  • Mental Prep: Use pressure sets, visualization, and confidence drills early.
  • Budget Awareness: Optionals bring new costs: custom choreography, floor music, private lessons, travel.
  • Goal Setting: Decide as a team whether the long-term target is NCAA, Elite, Xcel, or simply a positive optional experience.

In summary, the transition from compulsory to optional gymnastics is one of the most rewarding steps in the sport. It represents a shift from uniform routines to personalized performances, where gymnasts can express creativity while advancing their technical skills.

Sources & Further Reading

Further Reading